PTsetElementPropertyTypes(1,1,4,4,1,6,4,4,1,2,1,3,2,2,2,2,2,2,2,2,2,2,2,4,4,1,1,1,1,4,4,4,4,2,4,4,4,4,4,4,4,4,4,2,2,2,2,2,2,2,2,2,2,1,2,2,2,2,4,4) /* PTsetElementPropertyNames("row","col","color","type","reference","blocked","name","symbol","atomic no","atomic wt","no isotopes","state","melting pt","boiling pt","heat of fusion","heat of vap","density","atomic vol","1st ion energy","2nd ion energy","3rd ion energy","electroneg","elec affin","elec config","oxidation no","min ox no","max ox no","min com ox no","max com ox no","sources","color","characteristics","structure","hardness","uses","rxn air","rxn water","rxn 6M HCl","rxn 15M HNO3","rxn 6M NaOH","hydride","oxide","chloride","them conduct","elec conduct","ion radius (2-)","ion radius (1-)","atomic radius","ion radius (1+)","ion radius (2+)","ion radius (3+)","polarizability","ht of atomzn","discovered","abund sol sys","abund crust","cost, pure","cost, bulk","toxic?","carcinogen?") */ PTsetElementPropertyNames("row","col","color","type","reference","blocked","name","symbol","atomic number","atomic mass","number of isotopes","state","melting point","boiling point","heat of fusion","heat of vaporization","density","atomic volume" ,"1st ionization energy","2nd ionization energy","3rd ionization energy" ,"electronegativity","electron affinity","electron configuration" ,"oxidation number","minimum oxidation number","maximum oxidation number","minimum common oxidation number","maximum common oxidation number" ,"sources","color","characteristics","structure","hardness","uses" ,"reaction with air","reaction with water","reaction with 6M HCl","reaction with 15M HNO3" ,"reaction with 6M NaOH" ,"hydride","oxide","chloride" ,"thermal conductivity","electrical conductivity" ,"ionic radius (2-)","ionic radius (1-)","atomic radius","ionic radius (1+)","ionic radius (2+)","ionic radius (3+)" ,"polarizability","heat of atomization" ,"year discovered" ,"abundance in solar system" ,"abundance in Earth crust" ,"cost (pure)","cost (bulk)" ,"toxic?","carcinogen?") PTnewElem("1","1","FFFFFF","nm","1","0","Hydrogen","H","1","1.008","3","g","14.06","20.4","0.117","0.9","0.0001","14.4","1312","","","2.2","72.7711","1s1"," *1 H *1","-1","1","-1","1","Water, methane","colorless","diatomic,densH2O","none","none","none","none","H2","H2O","HCl","0.18","","","","37.1","","","","0.7","218","1766","10.4456042032736","3.1","12","","","") PTnewElem("1","18","D9FFFF","ng","2","0","Helium","He","2","4.003","2","g","","4.2","","0.1","0.0002","27.2","2372.3","5250.3","","","0","1s2"," He","0","0","0","0","Natural gas, air","colorless","Inert, densLi2O","mild, =>H2, LiOH","vigorous, =>H2, LiCl","vigorous, =>LiNO3","mild, =>H2, LiOH","LiH","Li2O","LiCl","84.8","107.8","","","152","90","","","24.3","161","1817","1.75663610824585","1.3","27","","","") PTnewElem("2","2","C2FF00","ae","4","0","Beryllium","Be","4","9.012","1","s","1551.2","2773","9.8","309","1.848","4.9","899.4","1757.1","14848.3","1.57","","[He] 2s2"," Be *2","0","2","0","2","Beryl (silicate)","steel gray","toxic","hcp: hexagonal close pkd","","Cu alloys, X-ray windows","vigorous, w/ht=>BeO,Be3N2","none","mild, =>H2","none","mild, =>H2, [Be(OH)4](2-)","BeH2","BeO","BeCl2","201","250","","","112","","59","","5.6","324","1797","-0.136677139879544","0.4","530","59","yes","yes") PTnewElem("2","13","FFB5B5","nm","5","0","Boron","B","5","10.81","2","s","2352.2","3923.2","22.2","504.5","2.35","4.6","800.6","2427","3659.7","2.04","26.7","[He] 2s2 2p1"," B 1 2 *3","0","3","0","3","Na and Ca borates (misc)","black","B12 icosahedra; 3 forms","special: B12 icosahedra","9.5","borax, glass making(B2O3)","mild, w/ht =>B2O3","none","none","none","none","B2H6 and many BxHy","B2O3","BCl3 and many BxCly","27.4","0","","","85","","","41","3","573","1808","1.32633586092875","1","250","","","") PTnewElem("2","14","909090","nm","6","0","Carbon","C","6","12.011","3","s","3823.2","","","","2.266","5.3","1086.4","2352.6","4620.4","2.55","121.85","[He] 2s2 2p2","*4 3 2 1 C 1 2 3 *4","-4","4","-4","4","Coal,Petroleum,Natural gas","black","6 forms: graphite,diamond","hexagonal layers","0.8","fuel(coal), lubricant","vigorous, =>CO2","none","none","mild,w/ht=>C6(COOH)6","none","CH4 and many CxHy","CO CO2","CCl4","1.59","0.727","","","77.2","","","","1.8","717","","7.00432137378264","2.3","2.4","","","no") PTnewElem("2","15","3050F8","nm","7","0","Nitrogen","N","7","14.007","2","g","63.34","77.4","0.7","6","0.0012","17.3","1402.3","2856","4578","3.04","-6.75","[He] 2s2 2p3"," *3 2 1 N 1 2 *3 4 *5","-3","5","-3","5","Air","colorless","diatomic(N2)","","","fertilizer, cryogenics","none","none","none","none","none","NH3 N2H4 HN3","N2O NO NO2 N2O5","NCl3","0.03","0","","","70","","","30","1.1","473","1772","6.49554433754645","1.3","0.4","","no","no") PTnewElem("2","16","FF0D0D","nm","8","0","Oxygen","O","8","15.999","3","g","54.8","90.2","0.4","","0.0014","13.9","1313.9","3388.2","5300.3","3.44","140.97875","[He] 2s2 2p4"," *2 1 O 1 2","-2","2","-2","0","Air","colorless","diatomic,2 forms: O2, O3","","","rocket fuel, steel mfr.","none","none","none","none","none","H2O","O2 O3","Cl2O ClO2 Cl2O7","0.03","0","126","","73","","","","0.793","249","1774","7.37657695705651","5.7","0.3","","no","no") PTnewElem("2","17","90E050","ha","9","0","Fluorine","F","9","18.998","1","g","53.58","85.1","1","6.5","0.0017","12.6","1681","3374.1","6050.3","3.98","328","[He] 2s2 2p5"," *1 F","-1","0","-1","0","Fluorite (misc)","colorless","diatomic(F2), corrosive","layers of F2","","fluorocarbons, toothpaste","none","vigorous, =>HF, OF2","vigorous, =>HF, OF2, ClF3","","vigorous, =>O2, NaF","HF","OF2","ClF ClF3 ClF5","0.03","0","","119","72","","","","0.634","79","1886","2.92582757462474","2.8","190","","yes","no") PTnewElem("2","18","B3E3F5","ng","10","0","Neon","Ne","10","20.18","3","g","24.53","27.1","0.3","1.7","0.0009","16.7","2080.6","3952.2","6121.9","","","[He] 2s2 2p6"," Ne","0","0","0","0","Air","colorless","Inert, densNa2O2","vigorous, =>H2, NaOH","vigorous, =>H2, NaCl","vigorous, =>NaNO3, NOx","vigorous, =>H2, NaOH","NaH","Na2O","NaCl","142","209.6","","","186","116","","","23.6","109","1807","4.75891189239797","4.4","7","","","") PTnewElem("3","2","8AFF00","ae","12","0","Magnesium","Mg","12","24.305","3","s","922","1378","9","128","1.738","14","737.7","1450.6","7732.6","1.31","","[Ne] 3s2"," Mg *2","0","2","0","2","Seawater, magnesite","silvery","burns brightly","hcp: hexagonal close pkd","2","alloys, flash bulbs","vigorous,w/ht =>MgO,Mg3N2","mild, w/ht =>Mg(OH)2, H2","mild, =>H2, MgCl2","vigorous, =>NOx, Mg(NO3)2","none","MgH2","MgO","MgCl2","156","224.719","","","160","","86","","10.6","148","1808","6.03100428136354","4.4","3.7","0.32","","") PTnewElem("3","13","BFA6A6","mm","13","0","Aluminum","Al","13","26.981","1","s","933.57","2740","10.7","291","2.699","10","577.6","1816.6","2744.7","1.61","42.6","[Ne] 3s2 3p1"," Al 1 *3","0","3","0","3","Bauxite (oxide)","silvery","passivated: surface oxide","fcc: face-centered cubic","2.8","Al cans & foil,reflectors","mild, w/ht =>Al2O3","none","mild, =>H2, AlCl3","passivated","mild, =>H2, [Al(OH)4]-","AlH3","Al2O3","AlCl3Al2Cl6","237","376.676","","","143","","","67.5","8.3","326","1825","4.92890769024395","4.9","1.8","0.12","","no") PTnewElem("3","14","F0C8A0","nm","14","0","Silicon","Si","14","28.086","3","s","1683.2","3553","39.6","383","2.336","12","786.4","1577","3231.5","1.9","133.6","[Ne] 3s2 3p2","*4 3 2 1 Si 1 2 3 *4","-4","4","-4","4","Quartz (oxide)","gray-black","semimetal","diamond ","7","comp chip,lubricant,glass","mild, =>SiO2","none","none","none","mild, =>silicates","SiH4 Si2H6 + more","SiO2","SiCl4 Si2Cl6 + more","149","0.012","","","117.6","","","","5.4","452","1824","6","5.5","5.4","0.14","","no") PTnewElem("3","15","FF8000","nm","15","0","Phosphorus","P","15","30.974","1","s","317.3","553.7","2.5","","1.823","17","1011.7","1903.2","2911.9","2.19","72.07","[Ne] 3s2 3p3"," *3 2 1 P 1 2 *3 4 *5","-3","5","-3","5","Apatite (phosphate)","white-yellow","(P4) pyrophoric, 15 forms","special: P4 tetrahedra","0.5","fertilizer, detergents","vigorous,=>P4O10, ignites","none","none","mild, =>NOx","mild, =>PH3, may ignite","PH3 P2H4 + more","P4O10 P4O6","PCl3 PCl5 P2Cl4","0.24","0","","","110","","","58","3.6","315","1669","4.01703333929878","3","4","","yes","no") PTnewElem("3","16","FFFF30","nm","16","0","Sulfur","S","16","32.07","4","s","386","717.9","1.2","","2.069","15.5","999.6","2251","3360.6","2.58","200.4144","[Ne] 3s2 3p4"," *2 1 S 1 *2 3 *4 5 *6","-2","6","-2","6","Sulfur,pyrite,natural gas","yellow(pale)","(S8)brittle, 19 forms","S8 rings","2","rubber, batteries (H2SO4)","vigorous, w/ht =>SO2","none","none","mild, =>H2SO4, NOx","none","H2S","SO2 SO3","S2Cl2 SCl2","0.27","0","170","","103","","","","2.9","279","","5.71180722904119","2.4","24","","","") PTnewElem("3","17","1FF01F","ha","17","0","Chlorine","Cl","17","35.453","2","g","172.22","239.2","6.4","20.4","0.0032","21.4","1251.1","2297.3","3821.8","3.16","349","[Ne] 3s2 3p5"," *1 Cl *1 2 *3 4 *5 6 *7","-1","7","-1","7","Halite, brine (misc)","greenish-yellow","diatomic(Cl2), corrosive","layers of Cl2","","bleach (NaOCl), PVC pipe","none","mild,=>HOCl, Cl-, Cl2(aq)","mild, =>HOCl, Cl-","mild, =>HClOx, NOxCl, NOx","mild, =>OCl-, Cl-","HCl","Cl2O ClO2 Cl2O7","Cl2","0.01","0","","167","100","","","","2.2","121","1774","3.71933128698373","2.1","0.15","","yes","no") PTnewElem("3","18","80D1E3","ng","18","0","Argon","Ar","18","39.948","3","g","84","87.3","1.2","6.5","0.0018","28.5","1520.5","2665.8","3930.8","","","[Ne] 3s2 3p6"," Ar","0","0","0","0","Air","colorless","Inert","fcc: face-centered cubic","","lasers, light bulbs","none","none","none","none","none","none","none","none","0.02","0","","","98","","","","1.586","0","1894","5.00432137378264","0.5","0.5","","no","no") PTnewElem("4","1","8F40D4","al","19","0","Potassium","K","19","39.1","3","s","336.5","1038.7","2.4","88","0.856","45.7","418.8","3051.3","4411.3","0.82","48.385","[Ar] 4s1"," K *1","0","1","0","1","Sylvite, carnallite (misc)","silvery-white","soft","bcc: body-centered cubic","0.5","fertilizer, low-Na salt","vigorous, =>KO2","vigorous, =>H2, KOH","vigorous, =>H2, KCl","vigorous, =>H2, NOx, KNO3","vigorous, =>H2, KOH","KH","K2O","KCl","102.5","138.9","","","227","152","","","43.4","90","1807","3.57634135020579","4.3","85","","","") PTnewElem("4","2","3DFF00","ae","20","0","Calcium","Ca","20","40.08","6","s","1112.2","1767","9.3","151","1.55","25.9","589.8","1145.4","4911.8","1","","[Ar] 4s2"," Ca *2","0","2","0","2","Calcite (oxide)","silvery-white","burns brightly","hcp: hexagonal close pkd","1.5","lime, cement","vigorous, =>CaO, Ca3N2","mild, =>H2, Ca(OH)2","vigorous, =>H2, CaCl2","vigorous, =>H2, Ca(NO3)2","none","CaH2","CaO","CaCl2","201","255.754","","","197","","114","","22.8","178","1808","4.78604121024255","4.65","11","","","") PTnewElem("4","3","E6E6E6","tm","21","0","Scandium","Sc","21","44.956","1","s","1812.2","3021","15.9","305","3","15","631","1235","2389","1.36","18.1","[Ar] 3d1 4s2"," Sc 1 2 *3","0","3","0","3","U extractn by-product","silvery-white","soft","hcp: hexagonal close pkd","","no significant uses","vigorous, =>Sc2O3","mild, =>H2, Sc(OH)3","mild, =>H2, ScCl3","mild, =>Sc(NO3)3","","ScH2 ScH3","Sc2O3","ScCl3","15.8","19.2","","","162","","","88.5","17.8","378","1879","1.53402610605614","1.3","1400","","","") PTnewElem("4","4","BFC2C7","tm","22","0","Titanium","Ti","22","47.88","5","s","1933.2","3558","20.9","429","4.5","10.6","658","1310.3","2652.5","1.54","7.6","[Ar] 3d2 4s2"," 1 Ti 2 3 *4","-1","4","0","4","Ilmenite, rutile(oxide)","gray","max strength/weight ratio","hcp: hexagonal close pkd","","steel,white pigment(TiO2)","mild, w/ht =>TiO2, TiN","none","none","passivated","none","TiH2","TiO Ti2O3 TiO2 + more","TiCl2 TiCl3 TiCl4","21.9","23.81","","","147","","100","81","14.6","470","1791","3.38021124171161","3.8","6.1","","","") PTnewElem("4","5","A6A6AB","tm","23","0","Vanadium","V","23","50.941","2","s","2163.2","3623","17.6","459","6.11","8.3","650.3","1413.5","2828","1.63","50.7","[Ar] 3d3 4s2"," 1 V 1 2 3 4 *5","-1","5","0","5","U, Pb vanadates (misc)","bright white","soft","bcc: body-centered cubic","","tool steel, V2O5 catalyst","mild, w/ht =>V2O5, VN","none","none","mild","none","VH VH2","VO V2O3 VO2 V2O5","VCl2 VCl3 VCl4","30.7","39.37","","","134","","93","78","12.4","514","1830","2.46686762035411","2.1","220","","yes","") PTnewElem("4","6","8A99C7","tm","24","0","Chromium","Cr","24","52","4","s","2130.2","2963","15.3","347","7.14","7.3","652.8","1592","2987.2","1.66","64.3","[Ar] 3d5 4s1"," 2 1 Cr 1 2 *3 4 5 *6","-2","6","0","6","Chromite (oxide)","silvery-white","hard","bcc: body-centered cubic","9","CrO2 tape, paint, steel","none","none","mild, =>H2, CrCl3","passivated","","CrH","Cr2O3 CrO2 CrO3+non-stoich","CrCl2 CrCl3","93.9","77.519","","","128","","90.5","75.5","11.6","397","1798","4.13033376849501","2","10","","","") PTnewElem("4","7","9C7AC7","tm","25","0","Manganese","Mn","25","54.938","1","s","1517.2","2333","14.4","220","7.43","7.4","717.4","1509","3248.3","1.55","","[Ar] 3d5 4s2"," 3 2 1 Mn 1 *2 3 *4 5 6 *7","-3","7","0","7","Pyrolusite,psilomelane(oxide)","gray-white","hard, brittle","special:complex (cubic)","5","steel, dry cells(MnO2)","mild, w/ht =>Mn3O4, Mn3N2","none","mild, =>H2, MnCl2","mild, =>Mn(NO3)2, NOx","","none","MnO Mn3O4 Mn2O3 MnO2 Mn2O7","MnCl2","7.81","5.405","","","127","","89","75.3","9.4","281","1774","3.98000337158375","3","1.7","","","no") PTnewElem("4","8","E06633","tm","26","0","Iron","Fe","26","55.847","4","s","1808.2","3023","14.9","351","7.874","7.1","759.3","1561.1","2957.3","1.9","15.7","[Ar] 3d6 4s2"," 2 1 Fe 1 *2 *3 4 5 6","-2","6","0","3","Hematite,magnetite(oxide)","gray","fairly soft when pure","bcc: body-centered cubic","4.5","steel","mild, =>Fe3O4","none","mild, =>H2, FeCl2","passivated","","none","FeO Fe3O4 Fe2O3","FeCl2 FeCl3","72.8","102.987","","","126","","83.5","73.8","8.4","418","","5.95424250943932","4.8","6.7","0.021","","") PTnewElem("4","9","F090A0","tm","27","0","Cobalt","Co","27","58.93","1","s","1768.2","3373","15.2","381","8.9","6.6","758.4","1646","3232.2","1.88","63.8","[Ar] 3d7 4s2"," 1 Co 1 *2 *3 4 5","-1","5","0","3","Co sulfides & arsenides","bluish-white","hard","hcp: hexagonal close pkd","","magnets, Co glass (blue)","mild, w/ht =>Co3O4","none","mild, =>H2, CoCl2","vigorous, =>Co(NO3)2, NOx","","none","CoO Co3O4","CoCl2","100","160.256","","","125","","83.8","71.8","7.5","425","1737","3.35218251811136","1.4","21","","","yes") PTnewElem("4","10","50D050","tm","28","0","Nickel","Ni","28","58.69","5","s","1726.2","3193","17.6","372","8.908","6.6","736.7","1752.9","3393.4","1.91","111.5","[Ar] 3d8 4s2"," 1 Ni 1 *2 3 4","-1","4","0","2","sulfides, oxide/silicates","silvery-white","hard, takes a high polish","fcc: face-centered cubic","","alloys, coins, batteries","mild, w/ht =>NiO","none","mild, =>H2, NiCl2","passivated","none","NiH","NiO","NiCl2","90.9","146.199","","","124","","83","72","6.8","430","1751","4.69284691927723","1.9","7.7","0.76","yes","yes") PTnewElem("4","11","C88033","tm","29","0","Copper","Cu","29","63.55","2","s","1356.6","2843","13.012","305","8.95","7.1","745.4","1957.9","3553.5","1.95","118.5","[Ar] 3d10 4s1"," Cu 1 *2 3 4","0","4","0","2","Cu pyrite,chalcocite(sulfide)","orange-red","soft, ductile","fcc: face-centered cubic","2.75","wire, bronze, coins","mild, w/ht =>CuO, Cu2O","none","none","mild, =>Cu(NO3)2, NOx","","CuH","Cu2O CuO","CuCl CuCl2","401","595.8","","","128","91","87","68","6.7","338","","2.71767050300226","1.7","2.7","0.24","","no") PTnewElem("4","12","7D80B0","tm","30","0","Zinc","Zn","30","65.39","5","s","692.78","1180","6.7","115","7.14","9.2","906.4","1733.2","3832.6","1.65","","[Ar] 3d10 4s2"," Zn *2","0","2","0","2","Sphalerite (sulfide)","silvery","brittle","distorted hcp structure","2.5","batteries, galvanizing","vigorous, =>ZnO","none","mild, =>H2, ZnCl2","vigorous, =>Zn(NO3)2, NOx","mild, =>[Zn(OH)4](2-), H2","ZnH2","ZnO","ZnCl2","116","169.033","","","134","","88","","6.4","131","1600","3.10037054511756","1.79","3.7","0.12","","no") PTnewElem("4","13","C28F8F","mm","31","0","Gallium","Ga","31","69.72","2","s","302.98","2676","5.59","280","5.904","11.8","578.8","1978.9","2963","1.81","30","[Ar] 3d10 4s2 4p1"," Ga 1 2 *3","0","3","0","3","Bauxite (oxide)","silvery-blue","melts near r.t.wets glass","special: complex","1.5","photocells, transistors","mild, =>Ga2O3","none","mild, =>GaCl3, H2","","mild, =>[Ga(OH)4]2-, H2","GaH3","Ga2O3","GaCl Ga2Cl6","48.3","57.471","","","135","","","76","8.1","286","1875","1.57749179983723","1.2","220","","","") PTnewElem("4","14","668F8F","ml","32","0","Germanium","Ge","32","72.61","5","s","1210.6","3123","34.7","328","5.323","13.6","762.1","1537.4","3301.7","2.01","120","[Ar] 3d10 4s2 4p2","*4 Ge 1 *2 3 *4","-4","4","-4","4","Zn smelting by-product","gray-black","semimetal, brittle","diamond","","transistor, wide-ang lens","mild, w/ht =>GeO2","none","none","mild, =>Ge(IV), NOx","none","GeH4 Ge2H6 + more","GeO GeO2","GeCl2 GeCl4","60.2","0","","","122.3","","87","","6.1","377","1886","2.07554696139253","0.7","360","","","") PTnewElem("4","15","BD80E3","nm","33","0","Arsenic","As","33","74.92","1","s","886","","27.7","","5.778","13","946.5","1797.8","2735.4","2.18","78","[Ar] 3d10 4s2 4p3"," *3 As 2 *3 *5","-3","5","-3","5","Arsenopyrite, enargite (misc)","gray","semimetal,brittle,3 forms","rhombohedral","3.5","photocells (GaAs), poisons","mild, w/ht =>As4O6","none","none","mild, w/ht =>H3AsO4, NOx","none","AsH3","As2O3","AsCl3 AsCl5","50.2","30.03","","","120","","","72","4.3","302","1600","0.81690383937566","0.3","320","","","yes") PTnewElem("4","16","FFA100","nm","34","0","Selenium","Se","34","78.96","6","s","490.2","958","5.1","","4.285","18.4","940.9","2044.5","2973.7","2.55","194.97","[Ar] 3d10 4s2 4p4"," *2 Se *2 *4 *6","-2","6","-2","6","Cu smelting by-product","black","6 forms","parallel chains","2","Xerography, medicines","vigorous, w/ht =>SeO2","","none","mild, =>H2SeO3, NOx","","SeH2","SeO2 SeO3","Se2Cl2 Se4Cl16","0.52","0","184","","119","","","","3.8","227","1818","1.79309160017658","-1.3","14","","yes","no") PTnewElem("4","17","A62929","ha","35","0","Bromine","Br","35","79.9","2","l","266","332.7","10.8","29.6","3.1","25.8","1139.9","2103.4","3473.4","2.96","324.7","[Ar] 3d10 4s2 4p5"," *1 Br *1 *3 4 *5 7","-1","7","-1","5","Seawater, brines","red-brown","diatomic,corrosive,liquid","layers of Br2 ","","pesticides,photography","none","none, dissolves Br2(aq)","none, dissolves Br2(aq)","","mild, =>OBr-, Br-","HBr","Br2O BrO2","BrCl","0.12","0","","182","114","","","","3.1","112","1826","1.07188200730613","0.4","4.9","","yes","no") PTnewElem("4","18","5CB8D1","ng","36","0","Krypton","Kr","36","83.8","6","g","116.6","119.7","","9.1","0.0037","38.9","1350.7","2350.3","3565.1","3","","[Ar] 3d10 4s2 4p6"," Kr *2","0","2","0","2","Air","colorless","unreactive","fcc: face-centered cubic","","lamps, UV-laser","none","none","none","none","none","none","none","none","0.01","0","","","112","","","","2.5","0","1898","1.65321251377534","-4","33","","no","no") PTnewElem("5","1","702EB0","al","37","0","Rubidium","Rb","37","85.47","2","s","312.09","961","2.176","76","1.532","55.8","403","2632.1","3859.4","0.82","46.885","[Kr] 5s1"," Rb *1","0","1","0","1","Li extractn by-product","silvery-white","soft","bcc: body-centered cubic","0.3","photocells","vigorous, =>RbO2","vigorous, =>H2, RbOH","vigorous, =>H2, RbCl","vigorous,=>RbNO3, H2, NOx","vigorous, =>H2, RbOH","RbH","Rb2O","RbCl","58.2","77.9","","","248","166","","","47.3","86","1861","0.850646235183066","2","1200","","","") PTnewElem("5","2","00FF00","ae","38","0","Strontium","Sr","38","87.62","4","s","1042.2","1654","9.205","139","2.63","33.3","549.5","1064.2","4206.7","0.95","","[Kr] 5s2"," Sr *2","0","2","0","2","Celestite (sulfide)","silvery","tarnishes","hcp: hexagonal close pkd","1.8","fireworks (red flame)","vigorous, =>SrO, Sr2N3","mild, =>H2, Sr(OH)2","vigorous, =>H2, SrCl2","vigorous, =>Sr(NO3)2, H2","none","SrH2","SrO","SrCl2","35.4","43.478","","","215","","132","","27.6","164","1808","1.37106786227174","2.6","100","","","") PTnewElem("5","3","94FFFF","tm","39","0","Yttrium","Y","39","88.91","1","s","1796.2","3537","17.2","367","4.5","19.8","615.6","1181","1979.9","1.22","29.6","[Kr] 4d1 5s2"," Y 2 *3","0","3","0","3","xenotime (phosphate)","silvery","forms protective oxide","hcp: hexagonal close pkd","","YAG laser, TV phosphor","vigorous, =>Y2O3","mild, =>H2, Y(OH)3","mild, =>H2, YCl3","vigorous, =>Y(NO3)3","","YH2 YH3","Y2O3","YCl3","17.2","16.9","","","180","","","104","22.7","423","1794","0.666517980554881","1.51","220","","","no") PTnewElem("5","4","94E0E0","tm","40","0","Zirconium","Zr","40","91.22","5","s","2125.2","4473","23","582","6.51","14","660","1266.8","2218.2","1.33","41.1","[Kr] 4d2 5s2"," Zr 1 2 3 *4","0","4","0","4","Zircon (silicate)","grayish-white","hard, relatively inert","hcp: hexagonal close pkd","","deodorants, fuel rod clad","mild, w/ht =>Zr2O3","none","none","passivated","none","ZrH2","ZrO2","ZrCl3 ZrCl4","22.7","25","","","160","","","","17.9","609","1789","1.05690485133647","2.24","16","16","","") PTnewElem("5","5","73C2C9","tm","41","0","Niobium","Nb","41","92.91","1","s","2741.2","5031","27.2","695","8.57","10.8","663.8","1381.7","2416","1.6","86.2","[Kr] 4d4 5s1"," 1 Nb 2 3 4 *5","-1","5","0","5","columbite (oxide)","silvery-white","soft","bcc: body-centered cubic","","stainless steels, magnets","none, w/ht =>Nb2O3","none","none","","none","NbH NbH2","NbO NbO2 Nb2O5","NbCl3 NbCl4 NbCl5","53.7","80","","","146","","","86","15.7","726","1801","-0.156144577376839","1.3","18","","","") PTnewElem("5","6","54B5B5","tm","42","0","Molybdenum","Mo","42","95.94","7","s","2890.2","4923","27.6","590","10.28","9.3","684.9","1588.2","2620.5","2.24","72","[Kr] 4d5 5s1"," 2 1 Mo 1 2 3 *4 5 *6","-2","6","0","6","Molybdenite (sulfide)","silvery-white","very hard","bcc: body-centered cubic","","catalysts, tool steel","none, w/ht =>MoO3","none","none","","","none","MoO2 MoO3","MoClx [x=2-6]","138","192.308","","","139","","","83","12.8","658","1781","0.406540180433955","0.2","11","","","no") PTnewElem("5","7","3B9E9E","tm","43","0","Technetium","Tc","43","98.91","0","s","2445.2","4840","23","577","11.5","8.5","702.4","1472.4","2850.2","1.9","53","[Kr] 4d5 5s2"," 3 1 Tc 1 2 3 *4 5 6 *7","-3","7","0","7","Synthetic (U fission)","silvery gray","Radioactive, man made","hcp: hexagonal close pkd","","medical imaging agents","mild, w/ht, =>Tc2O7","none","none","mild, =>HTcO4","","none","TcO2 Tc2O7","TcCl4","50.6","","","","136","","","","11.4","677","1939","","","","","","no") PTnewElem("5","8","248F8F","tm","44","0","Ruthenium","Ru","44","101.07","7","s","2583.2","4323","25.522","619","12.41","8.1","711.1","1617.1","2746.9","2.2","101","[Kr] 4d7 5s1"," 2 Ru 1 2 *3 *4 5 6 7 8","-2","8","0","4","nickel ores (sulfides)","silvery-white","hard","hcp: hexagonal close pkd","6.5","catalysts","none below 800 deg.C","none","none","none","","none","RuO2 RuO4","RuCl2 RuCl3","117","131.579","","","134","","","82","9.6","643","1844","0.269512944217916","-3","1400","","","") PTnewElem("5","9","0A7D8C","tm","45","0","Rhodium","Rh","45","102.91","1","s","2238.2","4033","21.757","494","12.39","8.3","719.8","1744.4","2996.8","2.28","109.7","[Kr] 4d8 5s1"," 1 Rh 1 2 *3 4 5 6","-1","6","0","3","nickel ores (sulfides)","silvery-white","forms hard coatings","fcc: face-centered cubic","","catalysts, elec. contacts","none, w/ht =>Rh2O3","none","none","none","none","none","Rh2O3 RhO2","RhCl3","150","221.729","","","134","","","80.5","8.6","556","1803","-0.46344155742847","-3","13000","","","no") PTnewElem("5","10","006985","tm","46","0","Palladium","Pd","46","106.42","6","s","1827.2","3213","17.2","377","11.99","8.9","804.7","1894","3177.2","2.2","53.7","[Kr] 4d10"," Pd *2 *4","0","4","0","4","nickel ores (sulfides)","silvery-white","absorbs H2","fcc: face-centered cubic","4.8","catalysts, dental crowns","mild, w/ht, =>PdO","none","none","mild, =>Pd(NO3)2","none","PdHx x<1 non-stoich","PdO","PdCl2","71.8","94.8","","","137","","100","90","4.8","378","1803","0.143014800254095","-2","15","290","","") PTnewElem("5","11","C0C0C0","tm","47","0","Silver","Ag","47","107.87","2","s","1235.1","2428","11.3","258","10.49","10.3","731","2073.5","3360.6","1.93","125.6","[Kr] 4d10 5s1"," Ag *1 2 3","0","3","0","3","Argentite (sulfide)","silvery","soft, ductile, tarnishes","fcc: face-centered cubic","3.25","film(AgBr),coins,jewelry","mild, =>Ag2O","none","none","mild, =>AgNO3","","none","Ag2O","AgCl","429","630.5","","","144","129","108","89","7.9","284","","-0.313363730737707","-1.2","120","14","","no") PTnewElem("5","12","FFD98F","tm","48","0","Cadmium","Cd","48","112.41","8","s","594.1","1038","6.109","107","8.65","13","867.7","1631.4","3616.2","1.69","","[Kr] 4d10 5s2"," Cd *2","0","2","0","2","Sphalerite (sulfide)","bluish-white","soft","distorted hcp structure","2","battery,yel. pigment(CdS)","mild, w/ht =>CdO","none","mild, =>H2, Cd(Cl)2","mild, =>Cd(NO3)2, NOx","none","","CdO","CdCl2","96.9","146.413","","","151","","109","","7.2","112","1817","0.20682587603185","-0.7","6","","","yes") PTnewElem("5","13","A67573","mm","49","0","Indium","In","49","114.82","2","s","429.81","2353","3.3","232","7.31","15.7","558.3","1820.6","2704.5","1.78","30","[Kr] 4d10 5s2 5p1"," In 1 2 *3","0","3","0","3","Zn/Pb smelting by-product","silvery-white","soft","distorted fcc structure","1.2","transistors, photocells","mild, =>In2O3","","mild, =>H2, InCl3","mild, =>In(NO3)3","none","","In2O3","InCl InCl3","81.8","119.474","","","167","","","94","9.7","243","1863","-0.735182176990463","-1","120","","","no") PTnewElem("5","14","668080","mm","50","0","Tin","Sn","50","118.71","10","s","505.168","2896","7.2","296","7.265","16.3","708.6","1411.8","2943","1.88","120","[Kr] 4d10 5s2 5p2","*4 Sn *2 *4","-4","4","0","4","Cassiterite (oxide)","silvery-white","resists corrosion;2 forms","distorted diamond","1.65","solder, pewter, bronze","mild, w/ht, =>SnO2","none","none","mild, =>SnO2, NOx","mild, =>H2, [Sn(OH)6] 2-","SnH4 Sn2H6","SnO SnO2","SnCl2 SnCl4","66.8","90.909","","","140.5","","","","7.7","302","","0.582063362911709","0.3","8","0.83","","no") PTnewElem("5","15","9E63B5","ml","51","0","Antimony","Sb","51","121.75","2","s","903.94","1860","20","","6.697","18.2","833.7","1594.9","2441.1","2.05","103","[Kr] 4d10 5s2 5p3"," *3 Sb *3 *5","-3","5","0","5","Stibnite (sulfide)","bluish-white","brittle; 5 forms","rhombohedral","3.15","Pb alloy(battery), dyeing","mild, w/ht, =>Sb2Ox x=3-5","none","none","mild, =>Sb2O5","none","SbH3","Sb2O3 Sb2O4 Sb2O5","SbCl3 SbCl5","24.4","25.641","","","140","","","90","6.6","262","1600","-0.510041520575165","-0.7","4.5","0.44","","no") PTnewElem("5","16","D47A00","nm","52","0","Tellurium","Te","52","127.6","8","s","722.7","1263","13.5","","6.25","20.4","869.2","1794.6","2697.7","2.1","190.16","[Kr] 4d10 5s2 5p4"," *2 Te *2 *4 5 *6","-2","6","0","6","Zn/Pb smelting by-product","silvery","semimetal","parallel chains","2.3","semiconductors, steel","mild, w/ht, =>TeO2","none","none","mild, =>Te(IV)","","H2Te","TeO2 TeO3","Te2Cl Te3Cl2 Te4Cl16","11.54","0","207","","142","","","","5.5","197","1783","0.682145076373832","-3","24","","yes","no") PTnewElem("5","17","940094","ha","53","0","Iodine","I","53","126.91","1","s","386.7","458.4","15.3","42","4.94","25.7","1008.4","1845.8","3184","2.66","295.16","[Kr] 4d10 5s2 5p5"," *1 I *1 *3 *5 *7","-1","7","0","7","Brines, Chilean nitrate (misc)","bluish-black","diatomic","layers of I2","","nutrient, antiseptic","none","none, dissolves slightly","none","mild, =>HIO3","mild, =>OI-, I-","HI","I2O5 I4O9 I2O4","ICl ICl3","0.45","0","","206","133","","","","5","107","1811","-0.0457574905606751","-0.3","8.3","","yes","no") PTnewElem("5","18","429EB0","ng","54","0","Xenon","Xe","54","131.29","9","g","161.3","165","3.1","12.7","0.0059","37.3","1170.4","2046.4","3097.2","2.6","","[Kr] 4d10 5s2 5p6"," Xe *2 *4 *6 8","0","8","0","6","Air","colorless","unreactive","fcc: face-centered cubic","","UV-laser, hi intens lamps","none","none","none","none","none","none","XeO3 XeO4","none","0.01","0","","","131","","","","4","0","1898","0.672097857935717","-4.5","120","","no","no") PTnewElem("6","1","57178F","al","55","0","Cesium","Cs","55","132.91","1","s","301.6","978","2.092","66","1.9","70","375.7","2421.8","","0.79","45.506","[Xe] 6s1"," Cs *1","0","1","0","1","Li extractn by-product","yellow/silvery","softest metal","bcc: body-centered cubic","0.2","photocells, IR lamps","vigorous, =>CsO2","vigorous, =>H2, CsOH","vigorous, =>H2, CsCl","vigorous, =>CsNO3","vigorous, =>H2, CsOH","CsH","Cs2O","CsCl","35.9","48.9","","","265","181","","","59.6","79","1860","-0.429457060118102","0","1100","","","") PTnewElem("6","2","00C900","ae","56","0","Barium","Ba","56","137.33","7","s","998.2","2123","7.657","151","3.62","37.9","502.9","965.2","","0.89","","[Xe] 6s2"," Ba *2","0","2","0","2","Barite (sulfate)","silvery-white","soft","bcc: body-centered cubic","","X-ray imaging agnt(BaSO4)","vigorous,wt/ht=>BaO,Ba2N3","vigorous, =>H2, Ba(OH)2","vigorous, =>H2, BaCl2","mild, =>Ba(NO3)2","passivated","BaH2","BaO","BaCl2","18.4","","","","222","","149","","39.7","180","1808","0.652246341003323","2.6","55","","","no") PTnewElem("9","5","70D4FF","la","57","0","Lanthanum","La","57","138.91","2","s","1193.2","3693","10","402","6.17","22.5","538.1","1067","1850","1.1","50","[Xe] 5d1 6s2"," La 2 *3","0","3","0","3","Monazite(phosphate),bastnaesite","silvery-white","soft, malleable"," cp: close packed (ABCB)","","lighter flints, CRTs","vigorous, w/ht =>La2O3","mild, =>H2, La(OH)3","mild, =>H2, LaCl3","mild, =>La(NO3)3","","LaH2 LaH3","La2O3","LaCl3","13.4","14.2","","","187","","","117.2","31.1","423","1839","-0.350665141287858","1.5","64","","","") PTnewElem("9","6","FFFFC7","la","58","0","Cerium","Ce","58","140.12","4","s","1071.2","3743","8.9","398","6.773","20.7","527.4","1047","1949","1.12","50","[Xe] 4f2 6s2"," Ce 2 *3 *4","0","4","0","4","Monazite(phosphate),bastnaesite","silvery-white","malleable","fcc: face-centered cubic","","self-cleaning ovens(CeO2)","vigorous, w/ht =>CeO2","mild, =>H2, Ce(OH)3","vigorous, =>H2, CeCl3","mild, =>Ce(NO3)3","","CeH2 CeH3","Ce2O3 CeO2","CeCl3","11.3","13.333","","","182","","","115","29.6","419","1803","0.055378331375","1.8","57","","","") PTnewElem("9","7","D9FFC7","la","59","0","Praseodymium","Pr","59","140.91","1","s","1204.2","3293","11.3","331","6.475","21.8","523.2","1018","2086","1.13","50","[Xe] 4f3 6s2"," Pr 2 *3 4","0","4","0","3","Monazite(phosphate),bastnaesite","silvery-white","soft"," cp: close packed (ABCB)","","alloys, Welder's mask","vigorous, =>Pr6O11 approx","mild, =>H2, Pr(OH)3","mild, =>H2, PrCl3","mild, =>Pr(NO3)3","","PrH2 PrH3","PrO2 Pr6O11","PrCl3","12.5","14.706","","","182","","","113","28.2","356","1885","-0.777543663320753","0.9","170","","","") PTnewElem("9","8","C7FFC7","la","60","0","Neodymium","Nd","60","144.24","7","s","1283.2","3300","7.1","289","7.003","20.6","529.6","1035","2130","1.14","50","[Xe] 4f4 6s2"," Nd 2 *3","0","3","0","3","Monazite(phosphate),bastnaesite","silvery-white",""," cp: close packed (ABCB)","","alloys, Welder's mask","vigorous, w/ht =>Nd2O3","mild, =>H2, Nd(OH)3","mild, =>H2, NdCl3","mild, =>Nd(NO3)3","","NdH2 NdH3","Nd2O3","NdCl2 NdCl3","16.5","15.4","","","181","","","112.3","31.4","328","1885","-0.0820221174070917","1.4","110","","","") PTnewElem("9","9","A3FFC7","la","61","0","Promethium","Pm","61","144.9","0","s","1353.2","","12.5","","7.2","20.1","535.9","1052","2150","1.15","50","[Xe] 4f5 6s2"," Pm *3","0","3","0","3","Synthetic","silvery-white","Radioactive"," cp: close packed (ABCB)","","nuclear battery","vigorous, =>Pm2O3","mild, =>H2, Pm(OH)3","mild, =>H2, PmCl3","mild, =>Pm(NO3)3","","","Pm2O3","","17.9","","","","183","","","111","30.1","301","1945","","-19.3","","","","") PTnewElem("9","10","8FFFC7","la","62","0","Samarium","Sm","62","150.36","7","s","1345.2","2073","10.9","165","7.536","20","543.3","1068","2260","1.17","50","[Xe] 4f6 6s2"," Sm 2 *3","0","3","0","3","Monazite(phosphate),bastnaesite","silvery-white",""," cp: cls pkd (ABCBCACAB)","","alloys, headphones","vigorous, =>Sm2O3","mild, =>H2, Sm(OH)3","mild, =>H2, SmCl3","mild, =>Sm(NO3)3","","SmH2 SmH3","Sm2O3","SmCl2 SmCl3","13.3","11","","","180","","","109.8","28.8","207","1880","-0.588043762069599","0.8","130","","","") PTnewElem("9","11","61FFC7","la","63","0","Europium","Eu","63","151.96","2","s","1095.2","1712","10.5","176","5.245","29","546.7","1085","2405","1.12","50","[Xe] 4f7 6s2"," Eu *2 *3","0","3","0","3","Monazite(phosphate),bastnaesite","silvery-white","hard","bcc: body-centered cubic","","alloys, color TV phosphor","vigorous, =>Eu2O3","mild, =>H2, Eu(OH)3","mild, =>H2, EuCl3","mild, =>Eu(NO3)3","","EuH2","Eu2O3","EuCl2 EuCl3","13.9","11","","","208","","131","108.7","27.7","178","1901","-1.01188715973165","0.1","3600","","","") PTnewElem("9","12","45FFC7","la","64","0","Gadolinium","Gd","64","157.25","7","s","1584.2","3273","15.5","301","7.886","19.9","592.6","1167","1991","1.17","50","[Xe] 4f7 5d1 6s2"," Gd 1 2 *3","0","3","0","3","Monazite(phosphate),bastnaesite","silvery-white","","hcp: hexagonal close pkd","","alloys, CD disk","vigorous, =>Gd2O3","mild, =>H2, Gd(OH)3","mild, =>H2, GdCl3","mild, =>Gd(NO3)3","","GdH2 GdH3","Gd2O3","GdCl3","10.5","7.9","","","180","","","107.8","23.5","398","1880","-0.481486060122112","0.7","191","","","") PTnewElem("9","13","30FFC7","la","65","0","Terbium","Tb","65","158.93","1","s","1633.2","3073","16.3","293","8.253","19.3","564.7","1112","2114","1.21","50","[Xe] 4f9 6s2"," Tb 1 *3 4","0","4","0","3","Monazite(phosphate),bastnaesite","silvery-white","soft","hcp: hexagonal close pkd","","alloys","vigorous, =>Tb4O7 (approx.)","mild, =>H2, Tb(OH)3","mild, =>H2, TbCl3","mild, =>Tb(NO3)3","","TbH2 TbH3","TbO2 Tb4O7","TbCl3","11.1","8.8","","","177","","","106.3","25.5","389","1843","-1.21968268785985","0","1800","","","") PTnewElem("9","14","1FFFC7","la","66","0","Dysprosium","Dy","66","162.5","7","s","1682.2","2873","17.2","280","8.559","19","571.9","1126","2200","1.2","50","[Xe] 4f10 6s2"," Dy 2 *3","0","3","0","3","Monazite(phosphate),bastnaesite","silvery-white","neutron absorber","hcp: hexagonal close pkd","","alloys, CD disk","vigorous, =>Dy2O3","mild, =>H2, Dy(OH)3","mild, =>H2, DyCl3","mild, =>Dy(NO3)3","","DyH2 DyH3","Dy2O3","DyCl2 DyCl3","10.7","10","","","178","","121","105.2","24.5","291","1886","-0.404283380056576","0.5","210","","","") PTnewElem("9","15","00FF9C","la","67","0","Holmium","Ho","67","164.93","1","s","1743.2","2873","17.2","280","8.78","18.8","580.7","1139","2204","1.23","50","[Xe] 4f11 6s2"," Ho *3","0","3","0","3","Monazite(phosphate),bastnaesite","silvery-white","","hcp: hexagonal close pkd","","alloys","vigorous, =>Ho2O3","mild, =>H2, Ho(OH)3","mild, =>H2, HoCl3","mild, =>Ho(NO3)3","","HoH2 HoH3","Ho2O3","HoCl3","16.2","11.4","","","176","","","104.1","23.6","301","1879","-1.05109823902979","0.1","740","","","") PTnewElem("9","16","00E675","la","68","0","Erbium","Er","68","167.26","6","s","1795.2","3173","17.2","280","9.045","18.5","588.7","1151","2194","1.24","50","[Xe] 4f12 6s2"," Er *3","0","3","0","3","Monazite(phosphate),bastnaesite","silvery-white","","hcp: hexagonal close pkd","","alloys, photogr. filter","vigorous, =>Er2O3","mild, =>H2, Er(OH)3","mild, =>H2, ErCl3","mild, =>Er(NO3)3","","ErH2 ErH3","Er2O3","ErCl3","14.5","14.1","","","176","","","103","22.7","317","1843","-0.600672467841321","0.4","270","","","") PTnewElem("9","17","00D452","la","69","0","Thulium","Tm","69","168.93","1","s","1818.2","2000","18.4","247","9.318","18.1","596.7","1163","2544","1.25","50","[Xe] 4f13 6s2"," Tm 2 *3","0","3","0","3","Monazite(phosphate),bastnaesite","silvery-white","soft","hcp: hexagonal close pkd","","alloys","vigorous, =>Tm2O3","mild, =>H2, Tm(OH)3","mild, =>H2, TmCl3","mild, =>Tm(NO3)3","","TmH2 TmH3","Tm2O3","TmCl2 TmCl3","16.9","13.5","","","176","","117","102","21.8","232","1879","-1.42250820016277","-0.3","4100","","","") PTnewElem("9","18","00BF38","la","70","0","Ytterbium","Yb","70","173.04","7","s","1097.2","1700","9.2","159","6.973","24.8","603.4","1176","2415","1.21","50","[Xe] 4f14 6s2"," Yb 2 *3","0","3","0","3","Monazite(phosphate),bastnaesite","silvery-white","soft","fcc: face-centered cubic","","alloys","vigorous, =>Yb2O3","mild, =>H2, Yb(OH)3","mild, =>H2, YbCl3","mild, =>Yb(NO3)3","","YbH2 Yb2H5","Yb2O3","YbCl2 YbCl3","34.9","35.7","","","193","","116","100.8","21","152","1879","-0.605723473232178","0.5","530","","","") PTnewElem("6","3","00AB24","tm","71","0","Lutetium","Lu","71","174.97","2","s","1929.2","3600","19.2","414","9.84","17.8","523.6","1340","2022","1.27","50","[Xe] 4f14 5d1 6s2"," Lu *3","0","3","0","3","Monazite(phosphate),bastnaesite","silvery-white","","hcp: hexagonal close pkd","","alloys","vigorous, =>Lu2O3","mild, =>H2, Lu(OH)3","mild, =>H2, LuCl3","mild, =>Lu(NO3)3","","LuH2 LuH3","Lu2O3","LuCl3","16.4","16.7","","","174","","","100.1","21.9","","1907","-1.43533393574791","-0.3","6900","","","") PTnewElem("6","4","4DC2FF","tm","72","0","Hafnium","Hf","72","178.49","6","s","2495.2","4723","25.1","571","13.28","13.4","680","1440","2250","1.3","0","[Xe] 4f14 5d2 6s2"," Hf 2 3 *4","0","4","0","4","Zircon (silicate)","silvery","hard","hcp: hexagonal close pkd","","nuclear control rods","mild, w/ht, =>HfO2","none","none","passivated","none","HfH2","HfO2","HfCl3 HfCl4","23.2","28.49","","","159","","","","16.2","619","1923","-0.812479279163537","0.4","120","","","no") PTnewElem("6","5","4DA6FF","tm","73","0","Tantalum","Ta","73","180.95","2","s","3269.2","5807","31.38","753","16.65","10.9","761","","","1.5","31.1","[Xe] 4f14 5d3 6s2"," 1 Ta 2 3 4 *5","-1","5","0","5","Tantalite (oxide)","gray","hard, inert at <100 deg.C","bcc: body-centered cubic","","surg. implants,heat exch.","none","none","none","none","none","TaH","TaO2 Ta2O5","TaCl3 TaCl4 TaCl5","57.5","80.321","","","146","","","86","13.1","782","1802","-1.68402965454308","0.3","120","","","no") PTnewElem("6","6","2194D6","tm","74","0","Tungsten","W","74","183.85","5","s","3683.2","5773","35.229","824","19.3","9.5","770","","","2.36","78.6","[Xe] 4f14 5d4 6s2"," 2 1 W 1 2 3 *4 5 *6","-2","6","0","6","Scheelite,wolframite(oxide)","bluish-gray","highest melting metal","bcc: body-centered cubic","","WC drill bits, bulb wire","none, w/ht =>WO3","none","none","","","","WO2 WO3","WClx [x=2-6]","173","176.991","","","139","","","","11.1","849","1783","-0.876148359032914","0.2","11","","","no") PTnewElem("6","7","267DAB","tm","75","0","Rhenium","Re","75","186.21","2","s","3453.2","5923","33.054","707","21","8.9","760","","","1.9","14","[Xe] 4f14 5d5 6s2"," 3 1 Re 1 2 3 *4 5 6 7","-3","7","0","4","Molybdenite (sulfide)","silvery-white","high melting point","hcp: hexagonal close pkd","","catalysts, thermocouples","mild, w/ht =>Re2O7","none","none","mild, =>HReO4","","none","Re2O5 ReO3 Re2O7","Re3Cl9 ReCl4 ReCl5 ReCl6","48","51.813","","","137","","","","9.7","770","1925","-1.28650945690606","-2.3","540","","","") PTnewElem("6","8","266696","tm","76","0","Osmium","Os","76","190.2","7","s","3318.2","5298","29.3","678","22.57","8.4","840","","","2.2","110","[Xe] 4f14 5d6 6s2"," 2 Os 1 2 3 *4 5 6 7 8","-2","8","0","4","nickel ores (sulfides)","bluish-white","hard, dense, inert <100 C","hcp: hexagonal close pkd","7","hard alloys,phono needles","none","none","none","mild, =>OsO4","","none","OsO2 OsO4","OsCl3 OsCl4 OsCl5","87.6","105.263","","","135","","","","8.5","791","1804","-0.170696227168975","-2.8","7700","","","") PTnewElem("6","9","175487","tm","77","0","Iridium","Ir","77","192.22","2","s","2683.2","4823","26.4","611","22.61","8.5","880","","","2.2","151","[Xe] 4f14 5d7 6s2"," 1 Ir 1 2 *3 *4 5 6","-1","6","0","4","nickel ores (sulfides)","white","hard, densest el, inert","fcc: face-centered cubic","6.25","Pt/Ir sparkplugs","none","none","none","none","none","none","IrO2","IrCl3","147","188.679","","","136","","","82","7.6","665","1804","-0.17979854051436","-3","4200","","","") PTnewElem("6","10","D0D0E0","tm","78","0","Platinum","Pt","78","195.08","6","s","2045.2","4443","19.7","510","21.41","9.1","870","1791","","2.28","205.3","[Xe] 4f14 5d9 6s1"," Pt *2 *4 5 6","0","6","0","4","nickel ores (sulfides)","silvery-white","Inert, ductile","fcc: face-centered cubic","4.3","jewelry, catalysts","none","none","none","none","none","none","PtO2","PtCl2 PtCl4","71.6","94.34","","","139","","94","","6.5","565","1748","0.127104798364808","-2.3","4700","1200","","no") PTnewElem("6","11","FFD123","tm","79","0","Gold","Au","79","196.97","1","s","1337.63","3081","12.678","343","19.32","10.2","890.1","1980","","2.54","222.752","[Xe] 4f14 5d10 6s1"," 1 Au 1 2 *3 5","-1","5","0","3","Gold, gold bearing rock (misc)","golden yellow","Inert, ductile malleable","fcc: face-centered cubic","2.75","jewelry, electronics","none","none","none","none","none","none","Au2O3","AuCl AuCl3","318","446.4","","","144","151","","99","6.1","366","","-0.728158393463501","-2.4","4400","1200","","no") PTnewElem("6","12","B8B8D0","tm","80","0","Mercury","Hg","80","200.59","7","l","234.33","630","2.3","59","13.534","14.8","1007","1810","3300","2","","[Xe] 4f14 5d10 6s2"," Hg *1 *2","0","2","0","2","Cinnabar (sulfide)","silvery-white","liquid at r.t., volatile","rhombohedral","","amalgams, Cl2, NaOH prod.","none, w/ht (350C) =>HgO","none","none","mild, =>NOx, Hg(NO3)2","none","none","HgO","Hg2Cl2 HgCl2","8.3","10.163","","","151","133","116","","5.4","61","","-0.468521082957745","-1.1","5","0.51","yes","no") PTnewElem("6","13","A6544D","mm","81","0","Thallium","Tl","81","204.38","2","s","576.7","1730","4.268","166","11.85","17.2","589.4","1971","2878","1.83","20","[Xe] 4f14 5d10 6s2 6p1"," Tl *1 *3","0","3","0","3","Zn/Pb smelting by-product","bluish-gray","soft","hcp: hexagonal close pkd","1.2","IR detectors, photomult.","mild, =>Tl2O","mild, =>TlOH","","mild, =>TlNO3","","","Tl2O Tl2O3","TlCl TlCl3","46.1","55.556","","","170","164","","102.5","7.6","182","1861","-0.735182176990463","-0.3","48","","","no") PTnewElem("6","14","575961","mm","82","0","Lead","Pb","82","207.2","4","s","600.702","2024","5.1","178","11.342","18.3","715.6","1450","3082","2.1","35.1","[Xe] 4f14 5d10 6s2 6p2"," 4 Pb *2 *4","-4","4","0","4","Galena (sulfide)","gray","soft","fcc: face-centered cubic","1.5","batteries, solder, paints","mild, w/ht, =>PbO","none","none","mild, =>NOx, Pb(NO3)2","","PbH4","PbO Pb3O4 Pb2O3 PbO2","PbCl2 PbCl4","35.3","48.431","","","146","","133","","6.8","196","","0.4983105537896","1.1","1.5","0.077","","no") PTnewElem("6","15","9E4FB5","mm","83","0","Bismuth","Bi","83","208.98","1","s","544.5","1837","10.5","179","9.808","21.3","703.3","1610","2466","2.02","91.3","[Xe] 4f14 5d10 6s2 6p3"," 3 Bi *3 5","-3","5","0","3","Pb smelting by-product","white","brittle","rhombohedral","2.5","antacid, fusible alloy","mild, w/ht =>Bi2O3","none","none","mild, =>Bi(NO3)3, NOx","","BiH3","Bi2O3","BiCl3 BiCl4","7.92","9.363","","","150","","","117","7.4","207","1600","-0.84163750790475","-0.8","11","","","") PTnewElem("6","16","AB5C00","mm","84","0","Polonium","Po","84","210","1","s","527.2","1235","","","9.142","22.9","812","","","2","180","[Xe] 4f14 5d10 6s2 6p4"," *2 Po *2 *4 6","-2","6","-2","4","pitchblende, synthetic","blue glow","Radioactive; 2 forms","special: simple cubic","","thermoelectric power","mild, =>PoO2","none","mild, =>PoCl2","","","","PoO PoO2","PoCl2 PoCl4","","","","","168","","","","6.8","144","1898","","-9.7","","","","") PTnewElem("6","17","754F45","ha","85","0","Astatine","At","85","210","0","s","575.2","","","","","","890","","","2.2","270","[Xe] 4f14 5d10 6s2 6p5"," *1 At *1 3 5 7","-1","7","-1","1","Synthetic(Th or U decay)","","Radioactive","","","","","","","","","HAt","","","","","","","","","","","6","92","1940","","","","","","") PTnewElem("6","18","428296","ng","86","0","Radon","Rn","86","222","0","g","202.2","211","","18.1","0.0097","50.5","1037","","","","","[Xe] 4f14 5d10 6s2 6p6"," Rn","0","0","0","0","Synthetic(Ra-226 decay)","colorless","Radioactive,air pollutant","","","earthquake prediction","none","none","none","none","none","","","","0","0","","","","","","","5.3","0","1900","","-12.4","","","","") PTnewElem("7","1","420066","al","87","0","Francium","Fr","87","223","1","s","300.2","","","","","","384","","","0.7","","[Rn] 7s1"," Fr *1","0","1","0","1","Synthetic(U-235 decay)","","Radioactive","","","","","vigorous, =>H2, FrOH","vigorous, =>H2, FrCl","","vigorous, =>H2, FrOH","","","","","","","","","194","","","48.7","73","1939","","","","","","") PTnewElem("7","2","007D00","ae","88","0","Radium","Ra","88","226.03","4","s","973.2","1973","8.5","113","5.5","41.1","509.4","979.1","","0.9","","[Rn] 7s2"," Ra *2","0","2","0","2","pitchblende(U-238 decay)","white","Radioactive, luminescent","bcc: body-centered cubic","","neutron source","vigorous, =>RaO2, Ra3N2","","","","","","","RaCl2","18.6","","","","","","162","","38.3","159","1898","","-6","","","","") PTnewElem("10","5","70ABFA","ac","89","0","Actinium","Ac","89","227.03","2","s","1323.2","2743","14.2","293","","","499","1170","","1.1","","[Rn] 6d1 7s2"," Ac *3","0","3","0","3","Synthetic(U-235 decay)","silvery-white","Radioactive","fcc: face-centered cubic","","thermoelectric power","mild, w/ht, =>Ac2O3","mild, =>H2, Ac(OH)3","mild, =>H2, AcCl3","mild, =>Ac(NO3)3","","AcH2","Ac2O3","AcCl3","","","","","","","","126","32.1","385","1899","","-9.3","","","","") PTnewElem("10","6","00BAFF","ac","90","0","Thorium","Th","90","232.04","3","s","2023.2","5123","16.1","513.7","11.78","19.7","587","1110","1930","1.3","","[Rn] 6d2 7s2"," Th 2 3 *4","0","4","0","4","Monazite(phosphate),U extractn","white","Radioactive","fcc: face-centered cubic","","gas mantles (ThO2)","mild, w/ht ignites =>ThO2","none","mild","passivated","none","ThH2 Th4H15","ThO2","ThCl4","54","76.923","","","179","","","","32.1","576","1829","-1.47495519296315","1","","","","") PTnewElem("10","7","00A1FF","ac","91","0","Protactinium","Pa","91","231.04","1","s","1873.2","4500","16.7","481","15.37","15","568","","","1.5","","[Rn] 5f2 6d1 7s2"," Pa 3 4 *5","0","5","0","5","Synthetic(U-235 decay)","silvery","Radioactive","fcc: face-centered cubic","","","","none","","","none","PaH3","PaO PaO2 Pa2O5","PaCl4 PaCl5","","","","","163","","","118","25.4","527","1917","","-5.9","","","","") PTnewElem("10","8","008FFF","ac","92","0","Uranium","U","92","238.03","3","s","1405.2","4203","12.6","417","19.05","12.5","584","","","1.7","","[Rn] 5f3 6d1 7s2"," U 3 4 5 *6","0","6","0","6","Uranite (oxide)","silvery","Radioactive","hcp:hex cls pkd distorted","","nuclear reactor fuel","mild, =>U3O8","mild (powder)","mild, =>H2","passivated","none","UH3","UO UO2 U2O5 U3O8 UO3","UCl3 UCl4 UCl5 UCl6","27.5","33.333","","","156","","","116.5","27.4","490","1789","-2.04575749056067","0.4","","","","no") PTnewElem("10","9","0080FF","ac","93","0","Neptunium","Np","93","237.05","0","s","913.2","4175","9.5","336","20.45","11.6","597","","","1.3","","[Rn] 5f4 6d1 7s2"," Np 3 4 *5 6 7","0","7","0","5","Synthetic","silvery","Radioactive","special:complex","","","","","","","","NpH2 NpH3","NpO NpO2 Np2O5","NpCl3 NpCl4","6.3","","","","155","","124","115","24.8","","1940","","","","","","") PTnewElem("10","10","006BFF","ac","94","0","Plutonium","Pu","94","239.1","0","s","914.2","3503","2.8","343.5","19.86","12.3","585","","","1.3","","[Rn] 5f6 7s2"," Pu 3 *4 5 6 7","0","7","0","4","Synthetic","silvery","Radioactive","fcc: face-centered cubic","","weapon fuel, pacemakers","","","","passivated","","PuH2 PuH3","PuO Pu2O3 PuO2","PuCl2 PuCl3","6.3","7.072","","","159","","","114","24.5","352","1940","","","","","","") PTnewElem("10","11","545CF2","ac","95","0","Americium","Am","95","243.1","0","s","1267.2","2873","10","238.5","13.67","17.8","578","","","1.3","","[Rn] 5f7 7s2"," Am 2 *3 4 5 6","0","6","0","3","Synthetic","silvery-white","Radioactive","fcc: face-centered cubic","","smoke detector","","","","","","AmH2 AmH3","AmO Am2O3 AmO2","AmCl2 AmCl3","","","","","173","","","111.5","23.3","","1944","","","","","","") PTnewElem("10","12","785CE3","ac","96","0","Curium","Cm","96","247.1","0","s","1613.2","","","","13.51","18.3","581","","","1.3","","[Rn] 5f7 6d1 7s2"," Cm *3 4","0","4","0","3","Synthetic","silvery-white","Radioactive","fcc: face-centered cubic","","thermoelec. pwr, n source","","","","","","CmH2","CmO Cm2O3 CmO2","CmCl3","","","","","174","","","111","23","","1944","","","","","","") PTnewElem("10","13","8A4FE3","ac","97","0","Berkelium","Bk","97","247.1","0","s","1259.2","","","","14.78","16.7","601","","","1.3","","[Rn] 5f9 7s2"," Bk *3 4","0","4","0","3","Synthetic","silvery","Radioactive","fcc: face-centered cubic","","","","","","","","","BkO Bk2O3 BkO2","BkCl3","","","","","170","","","110","22.7","","1949","","","","","","") PTnewElem("10","14","A136D4","ac","98","0","Californium","Cf","98","252.1","0","","1173.2","","","","","","608","","","1.3","","[Rn] 5f10 7s2"," Cf 2 *3 4","0","4","0","3","Synthetic","","Radioactive","","","neutron source","","","","","","","CfO Cf2O3 CfO2","CfCl3","","","","","186","","","109","20.5","","1949","","","","","","") PTnewElem("10","15","B31FD4","ac","99","0","Einsteinium","Es","99","252.1","0","","1133.2","","","","","","619","","","1.3","","[Rn] 5f11 7s2"," Es 2 *3","0","3","0","3","Synthetic","","Radioactive","","","","","","","","","","Es2O3","","","","","","186","","","","19.7","","1954","","","","","","") PTnewElem("10","16","B31FBA","ac","100","0","Fermium","Fm","100","257.1","0","","","","","","","","627","","","1.3","","[Rn] 5f12 7s2"," Fm 2 *3","0","3","0","3","Synthetic","","Radioactive","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","23.8","","1954","","","","","","") PTnewElem("10","17","B30DA6","ac","101","0","Mendelevium","Md","101","256.1","0","","","","","","","","635","","","1.3","","[Rn] 5f13 7s2"," Md 2 *3","0","3","0","3","Synthetic","","Radioactive","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","18.2","","1955","","","","","","") PTnewElem("10","18","BD0D87","ac","102","0","Nobelium","No","102","259.1","0","","","","","","","","642","","","1.3","","[Rn] 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